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Fermat's Last Theorem – The Proof (Wiles, 1995)

Overview

The centerpiece of this platform: Andrew Wiles' proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, presented step by step. From the Taniyama-Shimura Conjecture through Galois representations and deformation theory to the famous \(R = T\) theorem.

What Is This About?

In 1995, Andrew Wiles published a 109-page proof that resolved a 358-year-old conjecture. The central idea: show that every semistable elliptic curve is modular (a special case of the Taniyama-Shimura Conjecture). Together with Ribet's theorem, this implies that Fermat's Last Theorem is true.

The proof impressively connects number theory, algebraic geometry, and analysis – using tools that were only developed in the 20th century.

Articles in This Series

# Article Topic
1 The Taniyama-Shimura Conjecture Every elliptic curve is modular
2 Frey's Idea and Ribet's Theorem TSC ⟹ FLT
3 Galois Representations Elliptic curves as matrices
4 Deformation Theory How to deform representations
5 \(R = T\) – The Heart of the Proof Wiles' central theorem
6 The Taylor-Wiles Trick The minimal case
7 The 3-5 Switch and the Conclusion The finale
8 What Came After Full TSC, Langlands program

The articles build strictly on each other and should be read in the order listed.

Prerequisites: Elementary Number Theory and Tools